CLiREN-LMS
Data Analysis in R

Interpreting Descriptive Outputs

Table 1

30-45 minutes Applied Step 6 of 8
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Table 1

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Table 1

Interpretation questionWhy it matters
What is the denominator?Percentages are meaningless without it
Are missing values shown?Missingness affects trust and interpretation
What is the unit of observation?Rows may represent participants, visits, events, or tests
Is the timing appropriate?Outcomes may not yet be due
Are categories expected?Unexpected levels may indicate coding problems
Are values clinically plausible?Extreme values may indicate errors or important cases
Does the result match prior reports?Sudden changes require explanation